Understanding Investment Banking And Its Benefits Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2951 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? The word investment banking draws idea of investment into our minds or thoughts. Actually that idea is quite closer to the basic interpretations of a layman but in realty word Investment Banking holds quite a lot and it is much bigger than basic ideas. Main core sense of Investment banking is developing and executing decisions on capital markets to build new resources of clients. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Understanding Investment Banking And Its Benefits Finance Essay" essay for you Create order This prime decision holds property rights, laws, current market place, information etc which stays important to investors. Operation of investment banking solely depends on the reputations and relationships in the financial world; it helps to establish a fluent network and identifying informal contracts. Investment Banking can restructure the capital markets. Returns earned by the firms or clients are mostly results of decisions by Investment bankers and it plays vital role many times. Retail banks are banking institutions which carry transactions directly with consumers, rather than corporations or other banks. Services they can offer includes savings and transactional accounts, mortgages, personal loans, debit cards, credit cards etc. While a commercial bank collects deposits for checking and savings accounts or current accounts from consumers or public and offers them loans and collects interest or pays interests to depositors The investment banks involve helping customers t o raise funds in the capital markets and provide an advice on mergers and acquisitions. This unit also attract more customers by their advertisement pattern. So work forces in these units are frequently extremely stressful and degrading in nature. Investment banking also provides interest to investor clients to a security issuance by subscribing them, be coordinative with bidders, or managing with a merger target. Mainly the investment banking is assistance MA and corporate finance. The division investment banking division (IBD) is generally divided into coverage of industry and product groups. Industry coverage groups points on a specific industry such as drafting to law, industrials, technology, and maintain contacts with corporations among the industry to bring businesses to a bank. A product coverage group diverts interest on financial merchandise, such as MA, leveraged finance, equity, and high-grade debt. Management in investment banking is really a professional management of various securities such as shares, bonds, etc. and other assets to meet special investment goals for the benefit of the investors. Here Investors may include different types of institutions like insurance companies, pension funds, corporation etc. Whereas private investors consist of investment contracts and schemes. The investment management division of an investment bank is generally divided into separate groups which are: Private Wealth Management Private Client Services Asset Management for making a specific market, because clients invest or trade in with financial products according to the goal of making rise in amount of money for each trade. Sales team of investment banks whose job is to call on clients and worthy investors to propose trading ideas and take orders. Sales desks ensure interacting to clients orders to capture trading desks, which can price and execute trades and to form structure of the new products that fit the desired need of client. Researc h division reviews companies and writes reports about their expectations with own ratings on products. Main motive of this division is to guide traders for trading; the sales force motive is to recommend ideas to customers and investment bankers by addressing their clients. Division does not generate any revenue to the bank rather works on attracting customers. Recently existence of the connection between investment banking and exploration has become influenced for segregation of between public and private functions. Strategy division advises are explicitly or implicitly in nature to clients on the strategies that can be adopted in various markets. Strategists of the bank develop new innovative strategies to place companies and industries in a valued structure with full consideration of the macroeconomic market. Strategy division of the bank regulates the way the firm will function in the market, leading the way of direction it would like to take in terms of its proprietorship an d flow positions, making the suggestions for salespersons for interacting with clients, as well as the way of restructuring new products. Above specified Structuring has been more recent design with highly technical and enumerate employees working on creating composite structured products which typically for large border and returns than fundamental cash base. Middle office Major role of middle office is Risk management which involves analyzing the market and risk in providing credit that traders are taking for their routine trades, and assuring limits on the amount of capital involved of the bank to prevent bad trades having a damaging effect. Another key role of Middle Office is to ensure that the economic risks are captured accurately, correctly and executed on time. Recently the risk of errors has become common and known as operational risk and so the assurance of Middle Offices provides measures to cover this risk. When this assurance is not guaranteed in place, market and credit then risk analysis can be undependable and open to deliberate manipulation. Finance areas are mostly creditworthy for an investment banks capital management and risk supervising. By figuring and examining the capital flows for the firm, the Finance division is the primary adviser to senior management on optimum areas such as checking the firms global risk exposure, th e profitability and system of the firm through various businesses. Back office A back office handles operations involving data-checking of trades that have been performed, assuring that they are not bad, and transacting the required transfers of funds. A degree of finance has proved to be vital in understanding the idea of the deals and transactions that happen all over the divisions of the investment bank. Back office is aligned with technology like the information technology department composed of real high quality softwares made by its technology team to provide technical support due to the recent march of electronic trading at trading desk of the bank. Categories of Investment Bank Bulge Bracket Investment Banks: today due to merging different types of banks a group of investment bank is formed known as Bulge Bracket Investment Bank. For example: Merrill Lynch and Morgan Stanley, Lehman Brothers. Major Bracket Firms and Foreign Banks: these are the banks which do not fall within the bulge bracket, so they affiliate with different commercial banks to build an investment bank organization. For example: JP Morgan and CS First Boston Regional Firms and Investment Banking in Commercial Banks: in recent times many regional firms have merged with commercial banks to be an investment bank. This banks do not provide level mobility like bulge bracket banks. For example: Hambrecht Quist, Nations Bank Montgomery Securities, Robertson, Stephens (Bank of America) in San Francisco Boutique Banks: it is a small investment bank that specializes in specific investment banking. These banks target on particular industries or products. For example: Broadview Associat es. Functions of Investment Banking https://kona.kontera.com/javascript/lib/imgs/grey_loader.gif Investment banks have versatile functions to perform. Some of the most important functions of investment banking are as follows: Raising of capitals An investment bank guides a firm for raising funds to achieve desired objectives, such as acquirement of another company, reduce in debt load, expanding existing operations for a particular project financing. Capital is composed of debt, common equity, preferred equity, and securities like convertible debt or debt with warrants. Although people are interested in raising capital to public stock offerings, a great amount of capital is mainly raised through private placements with institutions, differentiated investment funds and private individuals. The structuring on transaction for specific objectives for attractive investors is done by the assistance and work of an investment bank to clients. Assisting on Mergers and Acquisitions (MA) Mergers and Acquisitions is activity including many financial transactions and crucial financial decisions to be executed. Thus, an Investment banks represents a sound financial institution in mergers, acquisitions, and divestitures. Assistance of investment bank is most appropriate in MA between any companies. Investment banks detailed analysis helps in entity bought or sold; with its valuation range and desired structure while performing the acquisition of a particular firm, the sale of any company or its subsidiary, and assistance in identifying, restructuring and executing a merger or joint venture. Trading and sales Investment bank majorly indulges in services are relevant to publicly traded firms, or any firms which plan to go public for near future. Particularity functions include making a market in existing stocks, placing new offerings to clients, and publish its research reports. Investment consultancy Advisory services handled by the investment bank deals with assignments such as strategic planning, valuations of businesses, assisting in financial reframing, and providing a view as to the goodness of a proposed transaction by their consultants. Factors affecting break down of an Investment Bank Corporate Finance The prominent responsibility of a traditional investment bank is to handle corporate finance as it performs two different functions: Mergers and acquisitions advisory and Proprietorship. On the mergers and acquisitions (MA) advisory of corporate finance, their bankers assist in collaborating and structuring a merger between companies. For example, a company wants a firm, and then an investment bank will assist by providing decisions to finalise the purchase price, manner of the deal, and generally accounting an easy transaction. The insuring function with corporate finance takes holding the process of incresing capital for a company. It is a main factor affecting breakdown of bank because mostly capitals are aroused by moving out of stocks or bonding to investors. Sales Sale is another main essence component of any investment bank. Here Salespeople comprise of: The classic retail broker The institutional salesperson The private client service representative. Retail brokers develop relationships with applying investors individually and sell stocks and consult stock advice. Banks salespeople build business relationships with big institutional investors. Institutional investors are those investors comprising of large groups with good assets. Private Client Service (PCS) representatives exist between retail brokers and institutional salespeople, who manage brokerage and money management services for wealthy individuals. Thus conflicts among sales group or inefficient work or output destroys the operation of the investment bank, hence can create the line of break down to the bank during any time. Trading Traders always remain effective for the investment bank. Traders indulge themselves in the act of buying and disposing of stock, bonds, or other securities like forex, either by dealing an stocktaking of securities for sale or by performing a given trade. Traders deal with transactions of large and small in nature and provide liquidity for the market. This also called as market making. So traders market behaviour is mostly the reason of market movement and their way of operations or trading may be bad for market. Hence can be wildly effective to an investment bank and can lead to break down Research Research analysts of an investment bank observe stocks and bonds and make good word on their analyzing to buy, sell, or hold those securities so poor or bad research can lead to false recommendation. Some research analysts are assigned to work on the fixed income side to cover a particular segment. Irrelevant draw by these analysts may affect other segments creating wholesome decline. Corporate finance bankers are dependable on members of research analysis to lead the industry in which they are working. Honourable researchers can generate significant corporate finance business as well as satisfying trading activity but their bad research can ruin the investment bank. Syndicate The centre of the investment banking is to build a consortium by providing a critical connection between salespeople and corporate finance. Syndicate among themselves fulfil to facilitate the placing of securities as per public offering, a fall out can drag on relation between and among buyers of offerings and the investment banks dealing the process ending in poor administration. In a corporate or governmental liabilities deal processes syndicate determines the allocation of bonds and other procedures. The breakdown of these fundamental areas can have a huge impact on an investment bank. Investors evaluation for Investment Bank Investment banking is actually business providing services to the clients, firms or companies; expecting total service for their desired investment. While this bank deals with large client firms. So they undergo evaluation for selecting bank for proper guidance and service by analyzing criteria like: Services Offered Servicing by the bank should perfect, on time and qualitative to manage the project of the client. For example, majorly projects will include detailed industry idea and financial analysis on particular subjects, preparation of appropriate documentation such as an offering memorandum or presenting to the Board of Directors, developing scope of legality, assistance on various stages, negotiating the terms of the transaction, accounting, and other advisors guiding in all phases of the project for successful completion. Ability to Work Quickly As said time is money, investment banking projects have very specific deadlines so should be ended on time. For example any bidding company is for sales agreement. The investment bank must be unforced and able to put the correct people on the project at correct time and work efficiently to meet critical deadlines. Experience It is highly important to make sure that how experienced is the bank and its senior members will be participating in the project on a daily basis. This is calculated on their past performance depending on handling of all cases of dealing, it may be advisable to work with a bank that have renowned background or successful end of a contract with other bodies in the market or in required industrial segment. The investment bank should have a highly developed network of to the point contacts, such as possible investors or companies that could be approachable for acquisition. Fee Structure Mainly investment bank charges for its services and guidance provided with an initial retainer fee. In time of one-time or monthly, where the majority of the fee depending on successful end of the transaction. It is important to apply a fee demand that lines up the investment banks incentive with your consent. Record of Success Though no respectable investment bank will assure the success, the firm must have a respectable record of closing dealings. Ongoing Support After dealing on a transaction for our company, the investment bank becomes closely with your business. After the end of transaction, a decent investment bank should become a hoped business advisor consultancy that can be called upon with no consent for advice and give support on any ongoing basis. As investment banks are mediators, they are not providers of capital; some executives avoid bank to carry out the transactions in order to avoid the fees. India and Investment Banking Investment banking in India plays very essential role for the fluent flow of market transactions between many investors, companies, firms and the government. As these banks will have heavy role to play even in the future, regardless of the economic conditions of the country. Investment banking banks help their clients to accession of capital through debt, equity and other kinds of investment products. These firms handle trades in equities and derivatives of Indian market. The major role this type of banks is to help great companies with merger and acquisition deals like TATA, Reliance, and Mahindra. About a couple of years back in global recession of 2008 some investment banks collapsed or were on the edge of closure. This led to many sceptics writing off the revival of these firms. The segment of the Corporate Investment Banking has developed in recent past. This happened by performing Corporate Advisory Services to leading firms in the Indian market. But when it approaches to banks in India, the line that segments investment banks from other banks is rather light and ends to slow development in Investment Banking in India. There could be many reasons but important ones are Investment banking for corporates is still a new field and Every bank no matter of its field wants to provide its customers with the best service. So almost every bank provides its customers corporate finance solutions too. Future of Investment Banking in Indian Markets Economic Slowdown revealed that only the strong can ride on the tough roads and still remain stable. Those sceptical should realize that the market has its own movements by its cycle and downturns. If anyone would have glance at the financial strength of Indian companies, you just cannot ignore them. As these companies have ability to bounce back once again. Moreover, the futurity of Investment banking companies in India seems good developing and could grow even more bigger in future with the march of some greatest MA to Indian companies CONCLUSION To my study so far Investment Banking managing in areas of Public, Private and MNC segments with a good mix in terms of size. Here participation of Investment Banks operating in India should govern its senior management as it provides rich content and valuable insights to great companies and firms. Analysing emerging trends in Banking and Technology should be their prime focus of development. Results of this may create a technological innovation and a key factor in growth and value creation in the banking industry. Banks are deploying technology for implementing differentiated strategy and risk management frameworks. My study on Investment Banking shows the weaving of combination in technology management as per the course: MBA-TECH by MPSTME, NMIMS. However complexity in development of Investment Banking in India would be due to: Consolidation New processing and operating models Convergence of financial products Homogeneous services Repositioning of exchanges Capital intensity Short innovation cycles Globalisation and new players in capital markets Cross-border volume drivers Traditional structures eroding Cross-border investment flows Impact of the Internet and online services Convergence of financial products APPENDIX I

Confessions of a Second-Rate Mind Essay - 1492 Words

Confessions of a Second-Rate Mind Recently, I found myself drawn to Woody Allen’s essay, â€Å"Random Reflections of a Second-Rate Mind.† I liked the title; I can relate to random thoughts, but I hated the idea of relating to Allen himself. I dislike him on a personal level. I have trouble condoning the behavior of a grown man who refuses to ignore his animalistic urges and sleeps with his teenage step-child. But perhaps Allen had some clue as to what he was doing considering that the latest Hollywood tabloid reports that he and his step-daughter/wife have just had a child together, and are doing well. I won’t speculate, but I have put aside my issues with his personal life, and have found common ground. I too, have random thoughts, and†¦show more content†¦As Allen resumed his random thoughts on growing up Jewish in New York, and his struggles in later life dealing with the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, no doubt inspired by his encounter with the Holocaust survivor, I began to recall si milar experiences in my own life. I have a good friend who lived abroad in Scotland last fall. We both have the uncanny knack of meeting someone for the first time and inevitably end up knowing their entire life history within a fifteen-minute conversation. He and I communicated over e-mail, sharing daily stories. One in particular began, â€Å"†¦and over Big Mac’s and fries, the Doctor told me, some random curly-haired kid, his story of the one that got away.† As it turns out, my friend met a retired doctor who had been in the service during World War II, and had been stationed in Scotland. While there, the doctor met â€Å"the one,† a Scottish girl, but never told her how he truly felt. Before he shipped out to return to the US, he debated finding her, and asking her to go with him, but he just couldn’t get up enough nerve. And so there he was, over fifty years later, returning to Scotland to see if he could find her. My friend met this man on the last leg of his trip. He had travel ed all over looking for his lost love, and he was now returning home; He hadn’t found her. He said he knew it was a shot in the dark, but something he just had to do before he died. The doctorShow MoreRelatedTrue Crimes False Confessions1566 Words   |  6 PagesHispanic-American boys were arrested and charged with the crime based solely on the confessions obtained by the police. There was no physical evidence tying any of the boys to the crime. Four of the confessions were videotaped and were later used in court to incriminate the boys. The boys described the crime in gruesome detail and the role that each of them played in the crime. 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The Effects of Incarceration Free Essays

The Effects of Incarceration Dionne Lee Nov. 19, 2012 Social Problems Incarceration can be devastating on everybody’s lives. Not only it affects the person that is actually in jail, but it affects his or her loved ones. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of Incarceration or any similar topic only for you Order Now First, it puts a strain on the family finances once a family member is incarcerated. Second, it causes problems in relationships, whether it is girlfriend or wife. Third, it causes emotional strain, especially if he or she has a long time to serve. According to Macionis, the incarceration rate in 2008 for the United States was 762 people for every 100,000 in the population and among all the nations of the world, this country has the highest share of its people in prison. Having a loved one incarcerated can be very strenuous on the family’s finances. Learning from personal experience, it can almost put one in bankruptcy. The cost of phone calls is very expensive. It can almost get up into the hundreds of dollars per month. The person that’s incarcerated never considers the financial stain that it has on the family. The only thing that is considered is being in contact with his or her family, no matter what the cost maybe. The family is also expected to travel great distances in some cases, which can also become a problem. According to Families Left Behind article, the average distance for an incarcerated family member is 100 miles for men and 160 miles for women. With the cost of gas steadily rising, it would be almost impossible to constantly make regular visits. The single parent is also left to pay all the family bills that were once being paid by both parties. Having an incarcerated loved one also causes problems with his or her relationship. Trust issues begin to develop and this puts a strain on both parties involved. If one is married, this could possibly lead to divorce because eventually the stress will be so great that the one involved will no longer want to go through with this particular life and would want to move on without the stress of having an incarcerated partner. Married men in prison reach the national 50% divorce rate much more quickly than do men in the general population. It is difficult to carry out intimate relationships from prison due to limited contact and communication. Lastly, emotions begin to come into play. If the loved one has been incarcerated for a long period of time, the emotional part of their relationship wears down. The â€Å"prison mask† is a common syndrome that develops; the mask is the emotional flatness men take on when they suppress emotions and withdraw from healthy social interactions. To survive in an often brutal environment, prisoners may develop hyper-masculinity, which glorifies force and domination in relations with others. Finally, many prisoners are plagued by feelings of low self-worth and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (Haney, 2001). All of these psychological changes, which may be necessary for survival in the prison environment, can impede intimate relationships. In conclusion, incarceration can be tough on anyone who’s involved. It puts a strain on finances, relationships, and emotions. It’s a very tough road to go through and some make it through it and others don’t. The one who really takes a hard hit from all this are the children that’s involved. They have to learn to deal with the fact that they have a parent that’s incarcerated. The parent that’s left behind has to deal with all of the emotional ups and downs of the children and the financial burdens of the household. He or she has to play both parenting roles, which causes a lot of emotional wear and tear on their psychological being. Therefore, this causes resentment towards the absent parent and once this happens the family that once was, no longer exists. Reference Page Bibliography (n. d. ). The Effects Of Incarceration on Intimate Relationships. Macionis, J. J. (2010). Social Problems. (October 2003). Families Left Behind: The Hidden Coat Of Incarceration and Reentry. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. , the incarceration rate in 2008 for the United States was 762 people for every 100,000 in the population and among all the nations of the world, this country has the highest share of its people in prison [ 2 ]. . Married men in prison reach the national 50% divorce rate much more quickly than do men in the general population. It is difficult to carry out intimate relationships from prison due to limited contact and communication. 3 ]. . The â€Å"prison mask† is a common syndrome that develops; the mask is the emotional flatness men take on when they suppress emotions and withdraw from healthy social interactions. To survive in an often brutal environment, prisoners may develop hyper-masculinity, which glorifies force and domination in relations with others. Finally, many prisoners are plagued by feelings of low self-worth and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (Haney, 2001). All of these psychological changes, which may be necessary for survival in the prison environment, can impede intimate relationships. How to cite The Effects of Incarceration, Essay examples

Sociology Gender Inequality and Gender Stratification

Questions: 1. What is a social role? Give an example of s social role. What is role confusion and give an example? What is role conflict and give an example? How does the social role you play in your work life versus your social life differ in how you behave and talk to those in the work world versus with your friends and family?2.What is social stratification? What is economic stratification and economic inequality and what is the proof that it exists in the United States? What is racial stratification in America and what impact does it have on racial minorities? What role does racial segregation in housing exacerbate racial prejudices and racist behavior and attitudes give specific examples.3.What is gender stratification and how does it impact the status of women in the United States and the world? How is gender a learned behavior and how to boys and girls learn how to act male and female? What does it mean to be transgendered and why is it so controversial? Answers: 1. A social role is being defined as a set of interlinked behaviors, rights, duties, beliefs, and standards as theorized by individuals in a public situation. A social role can be considered as an anticipated or free or incessantly varying behavior and might have a particular discrete social status or a position in society. It is integral to not only the functionalist but also the interactionist considerations pertaining to society. One example of a social role could be the role of an adult. An adult must stay away from irresponsible and wild behavior and must instead exhibit traits such as accountability and responsibility. It is also expected of an adult that he/she settles down, gets a job, has a good and responsible image in society, has children, and brings them up to be responsible citizens, and so on. The role of an adult can thus be considered to be very different from that of a child. It is interesting to note that a single individual may play multiple social roles throughou t his life, such as the role of a son, brother or a student. Thus, the social roles are the different roles that an individual plays being a part of a larger social group (Eagly, 2013). Role confusion can be defined as a situation in which a person has difficulty in comprehending which role should be or is expected to be assumed by him/her. It is in such cases, that a state of confusion is experienced. An example of this could be when a graduate student had to be a guest at a department get-together at a professor's residence. In such a case the student might experience difficulty in determining whether he/she needs to act like a student while interacting with the professor, displaying reverence and veneration, or should he behave in an informal, friendly manner, demonstrating collegiality and acquaintance. Social roles are determined by the situation and the setting that the individual is in. There are circumstances where the set types of behavior that define roles might give rise to intellectual disagreement in people. Role conflict can thus be considered as a distinct kind of social conflict which occurs when a person is compelled to assume two distinct and unrelated roles simultaneously. In the case of social settings , an individual might encounter clash between her responsibilities as a mother and her responsibilities and tasks as a staff member of an organization. Role conflict, in this case, may occur if her infants requirements for time and devotion divert her from the obligation of being a manager of the company she is working for. Similarly, another example of role conflict is a situation where a person has difficulty deciding upon which of the two roles he/she needs to carry out, even though the roles are not essentially contrary. A very common example of role conflict can b e an employer, who has to terminate the service of an employee who also happens to be his friend. (Openstax, 2015). The person will undergo role conflict, as being a friend he should save his friends job, while thinking of his business progress, he should fire him (ONeill, 2013). As an employee working at office, my social role is of a man who has duties and obligations towards the welfare of the organization. Thus, I assume the social role of a strictly disciplined man. On the other hand, while being with my friends and family, I perform the social role of a friendly and congenial individual. 2. Social stratification can be defined as society's classification of individuals into socioeconomic divisions, on the basis of their occupation and earnings, money and public status, or obtained power (societal and governmental). In this respect, stratification can be described as the relative societal status of individuals within a specific social unit, group, geographic area, or communal division. In contemporary Western civilizations, social stratification characteristically is categorized as three distinct classes, the first being the upper class, the second being the middle class, and the third is the lower class. Apart from these divisions, every class is then subcategorized into strata, which is the upper, middle, and lower stratum of society. Additionally, a social stratum is also likely to be forged that is centered on the ideas of kinship or class, or both of these. Economic stratification refers to the process of categorizing and distinguishing people on the basis of their economic status instead of their caste, class, or gender. Economic stratification is closely linked with global stratification and global inequality as it affects the quality of life of people all over the world. Economic inequality primarily means the concentration of economic resources in just a few parts of the world, while the other parts are neglected, thus resulting in poverty. This is evident in the case of India where people who are afflicted with extreme poverty are unemployed and live in slums. As far as the United States is concerned, economic forces, like those of outsourcing as well as automation, are dividing the labor force, with a majority of the job prospects being either the ones that are low-level, low-wage, manual tasks or higher-level, well-paying jobs that are founded on abstract abilities. The role of women in the staff has been on the rise, however, it is evident that women have not been able to achieved total economic equality. (Openstax, 2015) Racial stratification is done on the basis of a persons race, which in these current terms, refers more to physical characteristics that can be seen than to culture and ancestry. Racial groups are generally categorized by regions as well, along with distinctions on the basis of skin color. Racial minorities are groups that are segregated on the grounds of them being different on certain grounds pertaining to race. The Scapegoat Theory indicates that the dominant group will eventually shift its unfocused antagonism onto a lower group. In the case of America, the minority groups are often at the receiving end of antagonism from the dominant groups in various parts of the nation (Massey, 2016). As far as housing facilities for minorities are concerned, a primary concern has been redlining. Redlining is essentially the practice of refuting mortgages for residences and businesses that are situated in mostly minority groups, whereas sedimentation pertaining to racial inequality defines the intergenerational effect of not only practical but also legalized racism which restricts the capacities of black citizens to amass wealth. This aggravates the issue of racial segregation even more by increasing tension between both the majority and the minority. Apart from this, another instance was the de facto separation that was done in Fergusons schools, a race-grounded wealth divides, city sprawl, as well as a black unemployment rate that was three times as much as that of the white unemployment rate. This is what worsens the current racial tensions in Ferguson. It also indicates countrywide racial inequalities. (Openstax, 2015) 3. Gender stratification implies stratification on the basis of a persons gender, with women being the minority, who are often victims of segregation. The issue of gender stratification is particularly evident within the financial sector. Even though they make up almost half (which is 49.8 percent) of the total payroll employment, it is the men who significantly outnumber women when it comes to authoritative, strong, and, thus, high-earning careers. In cases where a females employment position is the same as that of a males, the woman will mostly make just 77 cents for each of the dollarsearned by her male counterpart. Women who are a part of the paid labor force are also the ones, who do a huge amount of the work that is done at home, which is not paid for. Usually, it has been observed that 84 percent of females (as contrasted with 67 percent of males) spend their time carrying out domestic chores (Bills, 2016). A double duty such as this ensures that working women occupy a secondary position in the family structure. Such a situation can be seen not only in the United States but also in other parts of the world, where women are not only paid less and given less importance, but even if they are allocated the same job as a man, it is the mans role that is looked upon as being more important. Gender can be considered as a learned behavior as individuals learn to behave according to their gender by observing the behavior of those around them who belong to the same gender. Gender roles are thus first learnt through play wherein boys play with active toys that promote dominance and superiority while girls are given dolls and items that seek to imbibe a sense of nurturing in them. (Openstax, 2015). The word transgendered basically means that an individual finds himself identifying with a sexual role that is the opposite of that which he was born with. The word transgender has been likened to a disorder in the past, which has contributed to a great deal of antagonism and bias against such individuals. It is for such a reason that it became vital for there to be a revision of the definition of such a situation. Research revealed that individuals who are transgendered are twice more likely to suffer an assault as others, which is why their safety was a concern. The public must thus be educated about gender identity so as to avert the occurrence of such instances of violence. Since gender role is a matter if important concern in todays world, people are usually expected to behave in a way that corresponds to the nature of their birth sex. Since conformity is an important aspect of a society, any instance of non-conformity to gender ole is considered to be undesirable and hence it g ives rise to controversies. Reference List: Bills, D. B. (2016). Gender Inequality and Gender Stratification.The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies. Eagly, A. H. (2013).Sex differences in social behavior: A social-role interpretation. Psychology Press. Massey, D. S. (2016). Residential segregation is the linchpin of racial stratification.City Community,15(1), 4-7. O'NEIL, J. M. (2013). Gender-Role Conflict and Strain in.Men in transition: Theory and therapy, 5. OpenStax, Sociology 2e. OpenStax. 24 April 2015. https://cnx.org/content/col11762/latest/

Oedipus Rex The Oedipus Complex Essays - Greek Mythology

Oedipus Rex: The Oedipus Complex Thousands of years after Sophocles wrote the story of Oedipus Rex; psychologists named a complex after the behavioral characteristics of Oedipus. For many years psychologists have called a son having a sexual attraction toward his mother the Oedipus Complex. It is common belief that Oedipus Rex did not actually suffer from the Oedipus Complex. The basic support for this theory can be found through Oedipus inherent fear of the prophecy placed upon him, by the Oracle, actually coming true. Oedipus is told, by a member of the royal court, of the prophecy of the Oracle. The love for his mother and father, and the mere thought of the prophecy drives Oedipus into retreat. He fears that if he stays in Corinth, that the prophecy may come true. This is clearly one sign that Oedipus did not suffer from the Oedipus complex. The thought alone of doing such a thing as having sexual relations with his own mother drives Oedipus from Corinth, away from royalty, and the only life he has ever known. If Oedipus really did suffer from the complex, he would not have run away from his life, subconsciously he would want to stay, and probably would have. Oedipus not only fears the prophecy as a younger man, but also as king of Thebes when the prophecy returns to haunt him. Oedipus sends Creon to the Oracle to find out the true killer of the former king of Thebes. When Creon returns and tells Oedipus what the Oricle has told him, him ignites. Oedipus flies into a furious rage accusing Creon of scheming to over through Oedipus. Oedipus refuses to believe that a prophecy such as that could ever come true and that Creon was either lying or has bribed the Oracle into giving a false prophecy. Oedipus immediately demands the retrieval of the Oracle to the palace. This shows an undying relentlessness toward proving the prophecy wrong. Oedipus plainly does not want to come to the reality that would ever do anything along the lines of what the prophecy states, and he truly believes that it must be incorrect because he knows he would never consciously do anything like that. After the Oracles prophecy is brought to Oedipus, the kings denial only increases. The Oracles future visions scare Oedipus into fury. Enraged he claims that the Oracle clearly has no real pow ers, and denies any truth out of his prophecy. Oedipus has entered the point of anger at this point. He refuses to believe it clearly because the mere thought of it sickens him. If he were to truly have the complex, he could not fight the facts for as long as he did. Not even after finding out the truth did he collapse into the acceptance that he wanted to do it. As soon as the reality of the prophecy sits in, the queen commits suicide. Oedipus takes it upon himself to carryout self-inflicted punishment for the sins he finally realizes he has committed. If Oedipus had truly wanted to have sexual relations with his mother, then he would not have committed such a horrendous act of mutilation upon himself? To commit suicide would not be out of the question if he had been suffering from the complex. Loss of his adoration could be a justified motive. Yet he pierced his own eyes out because he was ashamed to look at his parents in the afterlife. This level of humility would not be present if Oedipus knew that Jocasta was really his mother. If Oedipus were to truly have the complex, then he probably would never have arrived in Thebes in the first place. If Oedipus Rex was suffering from the Oedipus Complex then he would have probably stayed in Corinth where he believed his true mother resided. He would not have known Jocasta of Thebes in a sexual manner if he had acquired an attraction to what he thought was his birth mother, Marope. If Oedipus Rex had suffered from the Oedipus complex, then we might have never heard the story of Oedipus the way we did, and his situation, in turn, would probably have never been called the Oedipus Complex. Bibliography Sophocles, Oedipus the King. Literature: An

STD essays

STD essays Syphilis is still rare compared with other sexually transmitted diseases. The bacterium that causes syphilis is treponema palidum. This causes genital lesions called chancres. These normally go away on their own but if not treated the disease advances. A person who has syphilis suffers from fevers, aches, rashes, hair loss and mouth sores. At later stages of the disease it affects the heart, eyes, brain and other organs. Its always good to get tested for this disease. Gonorrhea is not as popular as it used to be, but chlamydia on the other hand is the most common sexually transmitted disease. Gonorrhea victims have gone down since the 1980s. The article says its because people have gotten the message about safe sex. The bacteria thrive in moist, warm cavities like the mouth, throat, urinary tract etc. Some of the symptoms are burning, itching, or unusual discharge. If the symptoms go untreated it can spread to the fallopian tubes and cause difficulties in pregnancy. Chlamydia on the other hand is most common. The most common symptom is inflammation of the urethra, which causes painful urination. This disease can be cured, If not treated it can cause sterility in women. Genital herpes and genital warts have no cure. Scientists do not know what bacterium causes genital warts. There is a way to stop them from being contagious but there is no cure. Genital herpes can be cured with antibiotics but when infected with the herpes simplex virus you are infected for life. This virus causes small lesions around the genital area. Anyone with active lesions can spread it to their partner(s). Sex is the leading mode of transmission of the hepatitis B virus. A lot of people say that its not an STD. The virus attacks the liver, which causes flu like symptoms. There is no cure. Most people recover and develop immunity to further infection. Some however stays in the body and be contagious. There ...

Atheistic Existentialism - Life Domains Essay Example for Free (#2)

Atheistic Existentialism – Life Domains Essay Directions: Complete the â€Å"Atheistic Existentialism† column in the table below by filling in the cells from information provided in the textbook. Atheistic Existentialism / REALITY The only reality for an AE is the one they create for themselves†¦everything is matter – everything is connected as some form of matter or energy and in a cause and effect relationship Atheistic Existentialism / KNOWLEDGE The only knowledge comes from our own senses. Atheistic Existentialism / HUMAN NATURE To an AE – humans are allowed free-will, personalities and consciences – but don’t have any reason to do anything with it Atheistic Existentialism / HUMAN PROBLEMS Their problem is that they can’t deal with the fact that they have human personalities and tendencies – but don’t know why, or what to do with it Atheistic Existentialism / SOLUTIONS TO HUMAN PROBLEMS Humans alone have the only solution to their problem and the more they evolve the better they’ll be at fixing them, so live as if your inner desires do have some meaning and try to make an impact on the world. Atheistic Existentialism / HUMAN VALUE Truly there is no ultimate value of a human life, but Humans can have value because they create their own reality by making their own choices – good or bad. Atheistic Existentialism / HUMAN PURPOSE Our only purpose – according to an AE is that of making yourself into who or what you wish to be, otherwise there is no purpose. Atheistic Existentialism / ETHICS Ethics – Schmethics†¦As long as you make a conscience choice to do something – good or bad – you are determining what your ethics are. not living by the laws of man, or any other guide. Atheistic Existentialism / SUFFERING Nothing good comes of it – there is no purpose for it – so don’t do it. Atheistic Existentialism / MEANING OF LIFE. There is no real meaning – each individual is able to determine what life means to them by their choices to be or not to be, do or not do, etc. Atheistic Existentialism / HUMAN DESIRE Kill it! Don’t be led by your inner needs, wants, voices, it is absurd to follow these â€Å"accidental causes† of evolution – because you don’t need anything more than the basics to survive. Personal Reflection Directions: Briefly summarize your personal reflection on the information that you have entered into Tables 1 and 2 in this assignment. It is interesting to see the â€Å"evolution† of these 3 worldviews. From the Naturalist who views everything as natural in it’s existence – you exist based on your senses and experiences alone to the Secular Humanist with their realization that humans are wonderful – great creatures with personalities and determinations, but it doesn’t matter†¦to the Atheistic Existentialist (AE) – who finally realizes that the innermost feelings and desires we have as humans do exist, but would be better off â€Å"killed† or cut out than to be nurtured and followed. To me – It is just man’s way of not wanting to give credit where credit is do! So many people feel they have to â€Å"give up† so much to follow God. The only way Satan can â€Å"win† is to have more souls in his army than God. He finds our weaknesses and zeroes in on them to keep us from realizing the truth. Man’s ego and sense of self is historically his ruination. It’s easy to see how in these days, these 3 views – all making humans the only thing that matter and by crossing out God, satan is able to lead many astray. Atheistic Existentialism – Life Domains. (2016, Nov 25).

Term Paper APA Style - 1500 Words Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Term Paper APA Style - 1500 Words - Essay Example t of executive authorities and their management, the roles and responsibilities offered by the employees and the effort that whole company put forward into it. The organizing approaches are based on various factors such as physical assets, financial position, human resources department, knowledge and technology (â€Å"Organizing function of management†, n.d.) which are explained here: Physical assets: Wal-Mart efficiently manages its physical assets in such a way that it keeps the prices low of its products and services, earns more profits and hence gain more customer satisfaction as compared to its other competitors (â€Å"Organizing function of management†, n.d.). Human resources: in order to achieve goals, vision and make a long-run success, Wal-Mart holds an effective Human Resources management. According to (â€Å"Organizing function of management†, n.d.), the HR department performs following duties: Knowledge: Wal-Mart gains important knowledge regarding various demographic factors through their internal and external working information department (â€Å"Organizing function of management†, n.d.). These demographic features include population, age, location, density and unemployment rate. These economic factors act as pointers which are noted down by the company time to time in order to calculate the economy rate, ups and downs and effect on market etc. (â€Å"Organizing function of management†, n.d.). Technology: the company organizes strategic acts in dealing various technological factors such as choosing or losing any technological product, controlling assets and inventories using online technologies, modernizing information gathering mediums, advertising products via in-stores Ad network etc. (â€Å"Organizing function of management†, n.d.). The use of latest technology saves time and money. Controlling the internal matters is the main feature of the ethical base of Wal-Mart. The company controls its daily store-level and corporate level activities through

School Uniforms for American Public Schools Essay

School Uniforms for American Public Schools - Essay Example Wearing of school uniforms is essential as it enhances discipline among students. It is ironic that parents and the society at large depends on the teachers to instill discipline in their children but they do very little to support teachers, who are sometimes overwhelmed by the large number of students constantly demanding their attention (Hamilton 31). Parents in this context have continued to neglect their role to discipline their children whereby they allow them unrestricted freedom outside school hours and weekends, which allows them the opportunity to pick up bad habits from their peers, such as smoking, drug and alcohol abuse among others. Wearing a school uniform changes the mentality of students in terms of misconduct as it draws the line between school life and civilian life. It puts a sense of responsibility to the students by acting as a constant reminder of the nature of environment they are in, which is official and businesslike in nature. In general, the uniform, being unique for every school, identifies students among huge crowds and it therefore makes it easy to know and track which students of which school are involved in misbehavior (Hamilton 38). Assuming you have two students, one wearing a uniform and the other in civilian clothes, it is only evident that the uniformed student may be denied access to prohibited areas for minors such as bars and they would indeed attract a lot of attention from the public if they are noted as trying to solicit for such pleasures during time which they should be in school. The civilian dressed student on the other hand may walk from school and back without necessarily attracting any attention from the public and as such, parents... Parents in this context have continued to neglect their role to discipline their children whereby they allow them unrestricted freedom outside school hours and weekends, which allows them the opportunity to pick up bad habits from their peers, such as smoking, drug and alcohol abuse among others. Wearing a school uniform changes the mentality of students in terms of misconduct as it draws the line between school life and civilian life. It puts a sense of responsibility to the students by acting as a constant reminder of the nature of environment they are in, which is official and businesslike in nature. In general, the uniform, being unique for every school, identifies students among huge crowds and it therefore makes it easy to know and track which students of which school are involved in misbehavior (Hamilton 38). Assuming you have two students, one wearing a uniform and the other in civilian clothes, it is only evident that the uniformed student may be denied access to prohibited areas for minors such as bars and they would indeed attract a lot of attention from the public if they are noted as trying to solicit for such pleasures during time which they should be in school. The civilian dressed student on the other hand may walk from school and back without necessarily attracting any attention from the public and as such, parents of such students may continue to be at a loss on their children’s daily activities, which may include high levels of truancy. Every parent takes his child to school with the hope.

Society and Culture Essay Example for Free

Society and Culture Essay A. Background of the Study Nowadays, Filipino teenagers tend to be liberated and patterned their lifestyle based on western culture. If this is all to be considered, the culture of being conservative from our ancestors will be gone. Premarital Sex is now treated by many as natural or normal. Mostly teenagers occur to this even outside marriage. They continue doing this because it does satisfy their sexual pleasures. They are not aware that what they are doing is a sin called fornication. Fornication means sexual immorality or voluntary sexual intercourse between two persons of the opposite sex, where one or both are unmarried. This study will attempt to analyze how open minded Far Eastern University students on Premarital Sex. It is hoped that the result of this study will help to determine the length of open mindedness of Far Eastern University students on Premarital Sex. B. Statement of the Problem This study was conducted to determine the length of open mindedness of Far Eastern University students, specifically, it sought answers to the following questions: 1. What is the profile of respondents in terms of: age and gender 2. Are Far Eastern University students are open minded about premarital sex? C. Significance of the Study For church, sociologists and other institutions who does not promoting premarital sex, this research study will help to determine the length of open mindedness of students on premarital sex. To the students, the students will help the researcher to give their opinions about the study, they will also benefit on recommendations made by the researchers to not engage on  premarital sex. Lastly, to the researcher, this information will serve as their guide to the future youth on determining the length of open mindedness of Far Eastern University students on premarital sex and recommendation to not engage on premarital sex. D. Scope and Delimitation This study focused on determining the length of open mindedness of Far Eastern University students on premarital sex and recommendation to not engage on premarital sex. There will be 100 respondents of Far Eastern University students. The study of factors why they engaged on premarital sex is beyond the scope of the study. E. Materials, Methods and Procedures This study employed the descriptive method in gathering information regarding â€Å"Are Far Eastern University students open minded about premarital sex†. It is employed internet research method. The subject of this study were drawn from 100 students of Far Eastern University. Data were gathered through survey questionnaire. The researcher chose the respondents through random sampling so that each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected. The research instrument used in conducting this study was the questionnaire type with the instruction that can be easily understood by the respondent, this questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of knowing the length of open mindedness of Far Eastern University on premarital sex. The first draft of questionnaire was forwarded to the society and culture professor for corrections and suggestions. After the professor validated and enriched the questionnaires, the researchers prepare the final draft.

Inherit The Wind Essay -- English Literature Essays

Inherit The Wind Rachel’s Quest for independence I think Rachel was looking for the ways for her independence and willing to protect Bert during the trial. Rachel believed that Bert was innocent. Rachel was in love with Bert, she knew that Bert was not a criminal and she wanted him to confess the court and the town’s people that he had done wrong, and it was all a joke and he was sorry for that. Rachel said to Bert, â€Å"Bert, why don’t you tell `em it was all a joke? Tell `em you didn’t mean to break a law, and you won’t do it again.† This clearly shows that she was worried about him and wanted to help him. But she knew that what he had done was bad. And she was also quite sure that he would not win the trial against the mayor. Her father was a powerful man. The townspeople liked him and appreciated what he had done and was doing for them. Rachel soon found that she could not convince him to confess because he did not believe that he had done something wrong. As all he had told the pupils were the quotations from the book Hunter’s Civic Biology and from Chapter 17, Darwin’s origin of species. He learned from the books, â€Å"That man was not stuck here like a geranium in a flower pot; that living comes from a long miracle, it didn’t just happen in seven days.† All this shows that his thoughts and ideas were based on scientific facts, but her father only trusted the Bible. Rachel has been always scared of her father. When she was little she used to have bad dreams. She ...

Good or Bad Governance

Governance and what constitutes good or bad governance of sporting organizations have continued to be a topic, hotly debated today as it has been for the last decade. An important point that bears repeating is that there is no model of governance that will bring transformation to a poorly performing organization into a pillar of high performance. Ideally, the performance of the board is almost entirely dependent on the people involved. The models or frameworks used can only help by providing tools to work with. Inherently, those involved in the management plays an awful role in ensuring that the all the plans are due in order to realize both short, medium and long term objectives. In this case, therefore, the paper aims at describing and evaluating the Strebel's Contingent Perspective of Corporate Governance in various realms. According to Strabel, business competition as an environmental factor and strategy as an organizational factor are important determinants of corporate governance. On the other hand, organizational performance and earnings quality are two dimensions of its effectiveness. It is important to note that corporate governance is effective in improving earnings quality and reducing accounting and governance risks. When the employees and the employer corporate in their dealings, the likelihood of having a high output is high as opposed to hen the two don't corporate. The performance also depends on the environment created by the employer to the employees. Working hand in hand in most cases, makes both to build confidence in whatever thing that they are doing, thus resulting to positive impact in most occasions. Another aspect of corporate governance is the need for independent directors and set director tenure. In so doing, the organization is measured on its performance as far as profit is concerned. The directors must be independent in the decision they make, and they must be geared towards taking the organization to higher plinths. The performance of the organization is measured in the manner in which the directors manage the finances, and all the aspects that are aimed at giving the organization good return. By so doing, it calls for a team work in every department. Everyone should be accountable and responsible for his dealings to ensure that the performance of the company is maintained. In dealing with external and internal forces, the governance must emphasize a particular focus in decision-making and resource allocation. This role changes as the importance and nature of external forces, the externalities. The external forces help to shape the future of the organization. Current operations or planning needs changes and the changes must be geared towards creating positive impact in the business. While making the change, the stakeholders must be focused and stand firm in making them, because when made wrongly, it can affect the progress of the firm. On the other hand, internal forces, internalities, have their own impact, as well as adding to those external factors. A good example is given in the case where the management is ineffective and the functionality of the organization is affected by internal or external factors. In this case, the board of management has to be involved in execution, taking a steering or coaching auditing, supervising, coaching, and steering, each with a different perspective and behavior role to bring the organization in line. The composition of the executive committee should be reviewed annually. This should be done with respect to the dominant role type represented and the manner in which it fits in the environment. When there is a warning signal of an important shift in governance conditions, the composition of the executive committee should be ready to make changes. The alteration should be made by drawing on the relevant subcommittee and making a corresponding change in the manner in which the board makes approaches to the decisions made. On the same plinth, when a shift in the governing subset of activities and related board role is required, the new driving role does not necessarily have to be acquired from scratch. Instead, it can be installed quickly by shifting the composition and locus of power in the executive committee. This is an implication that to show that the government should be flexible enough to accommodate any change that is aimed at making success within the organization. From the analysis made, it is inherent to say that Strebel's Contingent perspective of Corporate Governance aims at making successful operations within the organization most of the time. When adopted by directors and mangers in every business set up, the governance can result to high output, hence making the business to grow to higher standards. By so doing, the business will thrive because there are corporations in every sector.

Culture and Blogging Essay

In this modern age, society has undergone evolution, making man’s life far more complex and diverse compared those of his predecessors. Once the dominant figure in the society, an individual’s influence over his self-identity has greatly been reduced and he has been a subject of change and development based on social forces. One of the theories that explore this modern development is Anthony Giddens’ theory of structuration, wherein he explores and attempts to determine whether it is people who shape their social reality or modern social forces. Giddens (1992) cited that it is the individual who serves as the catalyst for social reality through the process of structuration, wherein social structures are seen as influential agents of change. He further emphasized that social structure contain system that actors (individuals) learn to use after experiencing it and moves towards its application in an actor’s culture. Changes with oneself and identity transpire with information, something that coincides with Giddens’ view of a reflexive identity. Reflexive identity is often identified as an endeavor, in which individuals seek to observe and reflect on their identity and work on it. He also emphasizes the process of repetitive social interaction to formally develop one’s self-identity, in which reactions of others are deemed important in order to attain growth and development. He addresses this as the narrative identity in which an individual continues to welcome events and integrate these into his life for developmental purposes. Giddens’ Theory of Intimacy and Self-Identity in Modern Society In his work, Giddens (1992) has broken down the possible changes that have taken place in the realm of intimate relationships, causing developments that shake teleological understanding. Using the American society as its model, Giddens (1992) cited that the supposed unity among marriage, sexuality and reproduction has been broken down by these changes and that it represented a new image of what is the new intimate relationship, something that is at par with modernism. Under these developments, couples could live through a compassionate marriage, and that it is also possible to nurture each other without the need to involve the opposite sex or a child as a medium of love. According to Jamieson (1999), what Giddens has cited in his works are probably what people call or view as â€Å"pure relationship† where intimacy matters less and that relationship itself matters more. This is seen among couples who do not conceive children all throughout their relationship. However, Giddens (1992) cited that the focus of the social order still lies on the heterosexual marriage and that there have been numerous advantages in entering such relationship. This led into what Giddens (1992) calls â€Å"plastic sexuality† where the discussion was centered on having attained or surpassed the needs of phallus in a relationship. Here, Giddens’ (1992) views intimacy as equal to sexuality. Giri (1994) cited that Giddens’ (1992) use the term phallus to describe the male experience or the intimate moments shared with the human male species. Giddens (1992) cited that â€Å"plastic sexuality† frees individuals from the needs of reproduction which characterizes heterosexual marriage. Much of the analysis of Giddens’ theory of identity will confirm that â€Å"plastic sexuality† commonly refers to the third sex, more commonly known as gays and lesbians. The relationship between individuals of the same sex has been one of the favorite topics of debate as early as the 1990s. It was criticized for being indecent mainly due to the concept of having physical and emotional relationship with the same sex. Giri (1994) cited that same sex relationships became a taboo, and were regarded as similar to incest relationships. Yet in the work of Giddens (1992), he cited that â€Å"plastic sexuality† was a decentralized form of sexuality which is not bound by traditional or conventional relationships. This is the reason why many have viewed Giddens’ (1992) work as something out of the ordinary, and at par with the changes occurring in society (Giri, 1994). As mentioned earlier, he brought a new definition to intimacy and expanded its application to a certain degree. Using the American and European society as its model, Giddens (1991) showed the transformation of intimacy to a new degree. Giddens (1991) cited that the third sex – lesbians and gays – aside from being involved in â€Å"plastic sexuality† are also tied with what he calls reflexive sexuality. This is where an individual’s sexuality serves as a property of oneself, while having its own qualities. However, the evolution of intimacy has produced transmutations of biological categories, between male and female, such as the degradation of the male’s sexual organ. The core idea in Giddens’ (1991) view of intimacy is close to the degradation of the male’s phallus or the function of the male’s sexual organ, and the fortification of the third sex. By emphasizing a relationship that is free from reproduction and moving away from the confines of the heterosexual marriage, Giddens (1991) indirectly pointed his views of intimacy as being directly justifying lesbians and gays relationships. In his work, he cited that women could now see men on the cognitive level at the very least. Schiffrin (1996) cited that it emphasized gender empowerment in terms of being involved in a relationship. He also supported one of Giddens’ (1991) view about self-identity in which fragmentation versus unification influences the formation or development of self-identity. In here, Giddens’ (1991) view of intimacy moves away from the widely perceived; although it still pays importance to physical contact, its significance lies in its support and empowerment of the third sex. As cited, Giddens (1991) also has views about the formation and development of self-identity. Unification versus fragmentation was cited earlier and there are still three other dichotomies of self-identity. Unification and fragmentation in simpler terms mainly focus on what cultural patterns offer against an individual whose self evaporated into a variegated context of action. Giddens (1991) cited that an individual constructs himself within the boundaries of his environment, culture or even his own parents. Unification is solely based on the emulation of something or someone that is recognized by the public (Giddens, 1991). On the other hand, fragmentation represents individuals who adjust themselves in relation to what is needed or demanded in a particular scenario or environment. Schiffrin (1996) cited this as â€Å"authoritarian conformity,† wherein an individual adapts to its surroundings until he is barely recognizable. The dilemma between the two is that the true self would feel empty and inauthentic (Giddens, 1991), and anything else could not fill it easily. The end result is likely an individual who acts and behaves reasonably or appropriately in front of the public, bringing in a sense of psychologically security; and yet the same individual may be feeling empty in relation to his true self. The second dimension is that of powerlessness versus appropriation. Giddens (1991) cited that powerlessness focuses on the alienation suffered by individuals in the context of modern society. Under the influence of capitalistic production, the individual loses its dominance over machines and markets. Giddens (1991) cited that in the process, what used to be human now seems alien and that in the so-called â€Å"mass society†, as such society becomes more extensive, individuals are more sheared with autonomy. On the other hand, Giddens (1991) describes appropriation as a complex picture between extensional and intentional change in a world under rapid globalization. It is a form of expropriation, wherein an individual undergoes a transformation that is characterized as disembedding, and moving away from the interest of any actors. Giddens (1991) also cited that it could also be a form of mastery of life only available in modern situations. Moreover, according to Giddens (1991), an individual would feel engulfed, being dominated by force that he could not transcend or resist. Unlike the first dilemma, in here, the dominating forces are compelling. The individual ends up having a feeling of helplessness due to loss of his autonomy.

Motion and Movement

Motion and Movement Motion and Movement Motion and Movement By Mark Nichol If a word begins with mot- or mov-, chances are that it refers to literal or figurative motion or movement. This post describes many such words. Motion and movement themselves are exemples of this class of word, which stems from the Latin verb movere, meaning â€Å"move.† (The connection for motion and other mot- words is that they derive from motus, the past participle of movere.) Motion and movement both mean â€Å"a change in place or position† and can also refer to physical activities and gestures. Motion also refers to an application or proposal made during a meeting or legal proceedings, and movement also describes an organized effort to achieve a goal or a distinct part of a musical composition. Motion is also a verb describing a signaling gesture or, in a legal context, making a motion. The verb form of movement is move, although move can also itself serve as a noun, referring to changing the position of a game piece or otherwise taking a turn during a game; it is also a synonym for maneuver, as in the phrase â€Å"making a move.† Mutiny, meanwhile, originally meaning â€Å"revolt† but later coming to denote an insurrection of military personnel, also ultimately derives from movere. Moment is, like mutiny, a word with a disguised shared ancestry; it derives from movere by way of movimentum. It generally refers to a brief portion of time or the present time, or a distinctive period, but on its own and as the basis of the adjective momentous, it also has the connotation of importance. (Moment also applies in specialized senses to physics and statistics.) Something that can be moved is mobile and has the capacity of mobility (motile and motility also have this sense); the antonyms are immobile and immobility. Mobile, in addition to referring to a piece of kinetic, or moving, art, is the second element in the compound automobile, the formal alternative to car (which derives from carriage), which is sometimes truncated to auto. Automobile literally means â€Å"self-drive† (in the sense of the driver operating the vehicle himself or herself, rather than the car driving itself, though technology for the latter has been developed). Coinages such as bookmobile (the name for a mobile bookstore or library) and bloodmobile (the name for a mobile laboratory for drawing blood to be donated), as well as snowmobile, have been derived in imitation. Automotive is the adjective pertaining to automobile. To remove is to change the location of something or take it away or eliminate it, and the word is also a noun meaning â€Å"a distance or degree of separation.† Removal is the action or process of removing something. Something that can be removed is described as removable, and the quality of the ability of something to be removed is removability or removableness, though such usages are rare. A motor is a device that enables an object to move or otherwise operate; that word is the first element of compound nouns such as motorboat and motorcycle (and motormouth, slang for a talkative person), as well as the altered compound motocross, which refers to a motorcycling sport and races in that sport. An associated adjective is motive, which describes causing motion. As a noun, motive means â€Å"a reason to do something.† Motive is also a verb, albeit a rare one; its meaning is identical to that of motivate, which means â€Å"give a reason to do something†; motivational is the adjectival form. Commotion (literally, â€Å"with motion†) and emotion (literally, â€Å"out of motion†) both originally meant â€Å"agitation,† but the former word came to mean â€Å"a disturbance,† while emotion eventually applied to mental reactions to stimuli. Emotional and emotive are adjectival forms, emotionally and emotively are the corresponding adverbs, and emote is the pertinent verb, while the slang word emo applies to a subgenre of punk music emphasizing anguish and screamo is a more intense variant. Commotion, by contrast, has only the rare verb form commove. Promotion (literally, â€Å"forward movement†) refers to advancing something by advocating for or publicizing it or advancing someone by giving the person greater authority and responsibility; the verb form is promote, and promotional serves as an adjective in the former sense. Premotion is a rare word referring to movement before another movement, sometimes in the religious context of a divine impetus to act. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Signs and Symbols You Should KnowBody Parts as Tools of MeasurementI wish I were...

Possible Reform Measures to the Stafford Act to Make It More Essay

Possible Reform Measures to the Stafford Act to Make It More Functional in Todays Society - Essay Example The Stafford Act was meant to agitate states and local authorities to develop a comprehensive disaster preparedness protocols and plans. These were meant to enable and facilitate better intergovernmental coordination in the event of a disaster (Farber & Chen, 2006). The act stipulated that both public and private entities be encouraged to seek insurance cover to help them absorb losses incurred due to the destruction of property and assets in these calamities. The act also recommends federal assistance programs and interventions for losses due to a disaster(Farber & Chen, 2006). The Stafford Act was able to instigate the creation of a system through which a president could declare a disaster emergency. This declaration triggers financial and physical interventions through the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Through FEMA, the Act gives the agency the power and responsibility of coordinating government sanctioned relief efforts(Farber & Chen, 2006). The New Orleans disaster was caused by Hurricane Katrina that was characterized by massive flooding, which led to the destruction of property and loss of life. According to Title I of the Stafford Act, the federal government can only intervene after an occurrence has been determined to be a disaster by the president(Farber & Chen, 2006). This is a major weakness to the Act because the people of New Orleans suffered a great deal before the then president declared hurricane Katrina as a disaster.  Under the Act, the federal government can shoulder the burden of financing local authority’s obligations if the damage caused by the disaster was to such an extent that the local government can not function. FEMA is tasked with the responsibility of assessing the situation of the affected area and formulating measures that alleviate the negative impact of the disaster. FEMA officials are federal employees, and they are mostly not in touch with the immediate needs of the locals in af fected areas.  

Issues concerning the rights of minority members in Australia and the Essay

Issues concerning the rights of minority members in Australia and the manner in which shareholder rights may be protected - Essay Example Australia is a nation with strong legal system with a higher level of legal protection for shareholders and creditors2 compared to other nations (La Porta et al, 1998, 1999).In this essay, the various issues concerning the minority shareholder rights in Australia and the different ways by which the shareholder rights may be protected are discussed in detail. This is organized as follows. In the second section, the theoretical perspectives of corporate governance and the problems between directors and shareholders are discussed. In the third section, the directors and shareholders; rights and obligations are discussed. In the fourth section, various issues regarding the minority shareholder rights are discussed. In the fifth section, various remedies for protecting minority shareholder rights are discussed in detail. The fifth section concludes the essay. Starting from classical economists like Smith (1776), Berle, and Means (1932), many studies have been done on the conflicts of interests between the principal or investors and the agent or managers. The idea of separating the concepts of ownership and control has been developed based on these studies. The role of corporate governance comes in this context. According to Shleifer and Vishny (1997), corporate governance is given a broad definition.Corporate governance â€Å" deals with the ways in which suppliers of finance to corporations assure themselves of getting a return on their investment†. OECD(1999) defines corporate governance as â€Å"the system by which business corporations are directed and controlled. The corporate governance structure specifies the distribution of rights and responsibilities among different participants in the corporation, such as the board, managers, shareholders and other stakeholders, and spells out the rules and procedures for making decisions on corporate affairs. By doing this, it also provides the structure through which the company objectives are